The rapid development of the industrial economy in the 20th century has brought highly developed material civilization to human beings, but human beings are also in the midst of many contradictions. Environmental problems have developed from a small local area to a regional or even global one. The influence is wider and farther-reaching.

More and more sewage and wastewater produced by population expansion and industrial development have exceeded the tolerance limit of natural water bodies. Solid waste, including urban waste and industrial solid waste, is increasing with population growth and industrial development. So far, it has become a major disaster for the earth, especially for cities. Garbage contains various harmful substances. Arbitrary stacking not only takes up land, but also pollutes the surrounding air, water bodies, and even groundwater. Some industrial wastes contain flammable, explosive, toxic, disease-causing, radioactive and other toxic and harmful substances, and the hazards are even more serious.

Green development is one of the five new development concepts. It is the inherent requirement of new industrialization and the target direction of supply-side structural reform. It is the key to deal with economic development and ecological environment protection and realize the harmonious coexistence between man and nature. It is of great significance to transform from high growth, high pollution and high consumption to high level, high quality and high efficiency, form a new momentum of development, realize the goal of “double carbon” and ensure the security of national energy resources.

For a long time, traditional industrial civilization has brought energy crisis and environmental crisis while creating the well-being of human society. After experiencing various crises and environmental disasters, the international community has established a consensus on green and sustainable development, forming a trend of green development. In the “European Green Agreement” in 2019, the European Commission emphasized the core strategic goal of achieving carbon neutrality in 2050, and building a competitive modern economic system that decouples economic growth from resource consumption.